9.8.07

to get an idea, what's up in content representation research, continued to skim the search results

CiteSeer content representation search, continuing the posting of yesterday: Although it claimed to know about 214 search results on content representation, CiteSeer refused to provide more but 125 results: "Only retrieving 125 documents (System busy - maximum reduced). Order: relevance to query."<<


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7.8.07

to get an idea, what's up in content representation research, here some search results from CiteSeer on that topic

Hm, as I am twittering on this topic, I prefer to do this search in English, so everyone can follow up.

CiteSeer returns only 214 results on "content representation". That implies, I'd be able to see them all, instead of needing to skip just after the first few pages of results.

The below search results on content representation originate from CiteSeer:
  • Text Authoring, Knowledge Acquisition and Description Logics by Marc Dymetman Xerox is on text synthesis "from an abstract content representation", whatever way that abstract content representation might look like..
    Tags: text synthesis
  • Automatic Authoring and Construction of Hypermedia for.. by Agosti, Melucci.. (1995) is out of focus.
    Tags: content synthesis
  • The Mirror MMDBMS architecture by de Vries, van Doorn, Blanken, Apers (1999) is on document representation: "a document and query representation scheme, [...]". I'd assume the content to be first, any synthezisation to be second, including text. The reverse way, I'd say, points to linguistics, a language based approach to content representation. One I circumvented..
    Tags: document representation, media specific content representation (documents)
  • PML: Adding Flexibility to Multimedia. . . by Ram, al. (1999) wraps media content into markup focusing to content presentation, i.e. follows the tagging approach: "A new markup language [...] decouples content and presentation.".
    Tags: content wrapping, media content
  • A New Perceived Motion Based Shot Content Representation by Ma, Zhang (2001) is on video perception: "[...] important cue for human to perceive video content [...]".
    Tags: video perception, perception, media specific content representation (video)
  • Robust Information Extraction In A Speech Translation System by Reithinger (1999) apparently focuses on utterances information catching.
    Tags: perception, speech perception, media specific content representation (speech)
  • Document Content Authoring and Hybrid Knowledge Bases by Dymetman apparently the same as [the above] http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/645892.html -- on text synthesis.
    Tags: text synthesis
  • Cnet: Content-Based Similarity Search in.. by Orphanoudakis.. (1996) is on image content representation.
    Tags: image content, media specific content representation (images)
  • Video Content Representation as Salient Regions of.. by Moënne-Loccoz.. (2004) is on video content representation.
    Tags: video content representation, media specific content representation (video)
  • Object Segmentation and Labeling by Learning from Examples by Xu, Saber, Tekalp (2003) might deal with abstract content representation, but maybe only accidentally: "A hierarchical content tree data structure is used for each database objects [...]". Questions are what that hierarchie relies on and whether or not it's a mono-hierarchy or a polyhierarchy. If the tree relies on relationships, those relationships most probably are injected knowledge, i.e. inaccessible, in-understandable to the system because that understanding requires an external interpreting mind..
    Tags: abstract content representation
  • XIG: Generating from Interchange Format using Mixed.. by Pianta, Tovena (1999) is on text synthesis based on an "interlingua content representation (Interchange Format)": "[...] enerating Italian text from the interlingua content representation [...]".
    Tags: text synthesis
  • Peer Profile Driven Group Support For Mobile by Learning Teams Karin (2003) is on e-learning; the conten representation thought of here might focus on content wrapping.
    Tags: content wrapping
  • Adaptive Systems for Web-Based Education by Brusilovsky, Henze, Millan (2002) looks like being on content wrapping rather than on content representation: "[...] Using StoryML for Adaptive Content Representation [...]".
    Tags: content wrapping
  • In IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning.. by Web-Enabled Exam.. is on "[...] a technology-enriched, Web-enabled, value-added Distance Exam Preparation and Evaluation Service [...]", i.e. most probably focuses on content wrapping.
    Tags: content wrapping
  • Adaptive Course Generation and Presentation by Siekmann, Benzmüller, Fiedler, .. (2000) is another students learning support gear, therefore most probably focused on content wrapping.
    Tags: content wrapping
  • Complexity Distortion Theory by Sow, Eleftheriadis (1997) introduces a complex theory on media representation. I doubt increasing complexity would do match content representation as known from brains: Each of the cells involved there look rather simple and restricted in their respective chances of individual actions. Therefore, I assume, they don't do any complex operation to get done content representation. Thus, stacking up complexity (or wrappers. which are nothing but other approaches to add complexity) to get content represented, I think, goes into the wrong direction..
    Tags: adding complexity, media representation
  • Multimedia Data Requires by Unknown is a "[...] survey [on] technologies and applications for video-content analysis and retrieval.".
    Tags: retrieval
  • MPEG-4 Addressing and ACQ Function by Kuzmanov, Vassiliadis, van.. (2001) is on "[...] content representation and shape processing [...]".
    Tags: content representation, media specific content representation (shapes)
  • Cobra: A new approach to IR system design by Mills, Moody, Rodden (1997) is on "[...] IR systems on a model for document content", whereby "IR" might refer to information retrieval; however, the focus is on document representation.
    Tags: document representation, media specific content representation (documents)
They're results 1..20 of about 214.<<


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Wo befindet sich die Forschung gegenwärtig in Bezug auf Content Representation?

Das wüsste ich doch mal gerne.
Speziell generische Content Representation, d.h. unabhängig vom abzubildenden Inhalt..<<


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14.3.07

Update: Treffer zu den verschiedenen Themen

Cite Seer (Heimat-Domain) scheint im Moment etwas down zu sein. [...]
Das hiesige Posting reicht die CiteSeer-Treffer nach. Die allein stehenden, fett geschriebenen Stichworte vor dem Doppelpunkt führen jeweils zu einer Suche nach der Zielsetzung ("objective") des jeweiligen Themas.<<


      
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10.3.07

Retrieval results on taxonomies

[confer...] Below you find some sources likely to be useful for the question on what taxonomies are. Some entries provide immediately useful -- i.e. insights causing -- notes.
  • "taxonomies, the currently fashionable term for classification schemes" -- Willpower Information -- Information Management Consultants: Value of organised knowledge, by Jack Bryar. - CMS Watch, 2002-01-21 ("General information about taxonomies as used in buiness applications, with reference to the use of XML tags."), Taxonomy software to the rescue, Paola Maio. - Online Journalism Review, 2001-10-12 ("Brief review of automatic classification / categorisation software, with links to the Web sites of the following suppliers: Autonomy, EoExchange, Inxight, Mohomine, Quiver, Semio, Verity."), Where's my stuff? : Taxonomy and lexicon as keys to access, Mary Chitty. - Newton Upper Falls MA : Cambridge Healthcare Institute, 2002. ("Outline of a talk given to the [USA] Special Libraries Association, 10th June 2002. Includes links to a bibliography on taxonomies and related topics.")
  • Google: Definitions of taxonomy on the Web:
  • "These monophyletic groups may or may not align with one or more morphologically distinguished taxa, and thus may challenge existing classifications based on features such as fruiting body size and form, cutis micro-structure, spore dimensions, host, and geographic distribution. Taxonomy aims to reflect a natural classification of taxa, and molecular data offer a set of objective characters on which to base taxonomic decisions." -- Peter K Buchanan. "A taxonomic overview of the genus Ganoderma with special reference to species of medicinal and neutriceutical importance", Proc Int Symposium Ganoderma Sci, Auckland, 27-29 April, 2001
  • "... All the metrics assume a taxonomy with some semantic order. ... A common method of measuring semantic similarity is to consider the taxonomy as a tree, or lattice, in semantic space. ... If all the edges (branches of the tree) are of equal length, then the number of intervening edges is a measure of the distance. The measurement usually used (Rada et al. 89) is the shortest path between concepts. This, of course, relies on an ideal taxonomy with edges of equal length. In taxonomies based on natural languages, the edges are not the same length. ..." -- Michael L. McHale, CiteSeer: "A Comparison of WordNet and Roget's Taxonomy for Measuring Semantic Similarity (ResearchIndex)"
  • "Definition 1 (Core Ontology). A core ontology is a structure O := (C, <C ) consisting
    of a set C, whose elements are called concept identifiers, and a partial order <C on C,
    called concept hierarchy or taxonomy." -- Stephan Bloehdorn, Andreas Hotho, University of Karlsruhe, Institute AIFB,..., CiteSeer: "Boosting for Text Classification with Semantic Features", 2004
  • "Taxonomies is probably the oldest and most widely used conceptual modeling tool still used in Web directories (e.g. in Google and Yahoo!), Content Management (hierarchical structures are used to classify documents), Web Publishing (many authoring tools require to organize the contents of portals according to some hierarchical structure), Web Services (services are typically classified in a hierarchical form), Marketplaces (goods are classified in hierarchical catalogs), Personal File Systems, Personal Bookmarks for the Web, Libraries (e.g. Thesauri [9]) and in very large collections of objects (e.g. see [13]). Although more sophisticated conceptual models (including concepts, attributes, relations and axioms) have emerged and are recently employed even for meta-tagging in the Web, almost all of them have a backbone consisting of a subsumption hierarchy, i.e. a taxonomy." -- Yannis Tzitzikas, Carlo Meghini, Nicolas Spyratos, "A Unifying Framework for Flexible Information Access in Taxonomy-based Sources", 2004
  • "Taxonomies are very easy to build in comparison to other kinds of conceptual models." -- Yannis Tzitzikas, Carlo Meghini, Nicolas Spyratos, "Taxonomy-based Conceptual Modeling for Peer-to-Peer Networks"
So far, I think, I can conclude, A taxonomy is a (always? mono-hierarchic?) hierarchy of taxons. I am not sure yet, whether these taxons equal to "terms" or to "words", or if both differ from each other and from taxons, too. Also, the terms originate from a terminiology. Classification and thesaurus might be variants of a taxonomy. Ontology might be not a taxonomy, because -- I am not sure, but I mean I remember that ontologies don't need to be a hierarchy -- which a taxonomy apparently implicitly is.
  • "[...] a taxonomy is the network which results from connecting headwords with the genus terms in their definitions but the concept of genus term is not formally defined; [...]" -- Ann Copestake, "An approach to building the hierarchical element of a lexical knowledge base from a machine readable dictionary", 1990 .-- features a snipped of a taxonomy, as an example
  • "A Little History...
    Taxonomy originated in the life sciences and can be traced back to Aristotle's theory of categories. He 'espoused the idea that things are placed into the same category on the basis of what they have in common' (Taylor 1999, p174) and are arranged hierarchically with things either inside or outside the container. [...] One tool [...] is a taxonomy: a structured, often hierarchical, classification system of concepts or subject categories. Taxonomies speed up the process of retrieving records because end users can select from subject categories or concepts. This enables them to narrow the search field and find relevant information rather than relying solely on a blank text search field and their ability to construct an effective query. Taxonomies also provide "serendipitous guidance" by providing additional information that can be inferred by seeing where the concept is placed within the context of the taxonomy (Bruno and Richmond 2003, p45). [...] There are also worthwhile pre-built taxonomies in the public domain. The Taxonomy Warehouse (http://www.taxonomywarehouse.com/) provides a free directory of 501 taxonomies, thesauri, classification schemes and other authority files from around the world, plus information about taxonomy references, resources and events. The taxonomies are classified by 73 subject domains, such as patents, real estate, and taxation, each with ordering instructions." -- Susan Cisco, Wanda K. Jackson, "Demystifying Taxonomies : Taxonomy: Make or Buy"
  • "An alternative approach is to use a taxonomy to classify items. A taxonomy is a
    controlled vocabulary for classifying information." -- Rebecca H. Augustyniak, Dawn B. Aguero, Amy M. Finley, "Transitioning from Knowledge Management to Portals: Creating Customized Data Delivery for End-Users"
  • taxonomy vs ontology (very poorly researched: contains invalid claims like "Currently ontologies and taxonomies are all hand-built."): "[...] ontologies, which can be described as more formal versions of traditional taxonomies or Roget-type thesauri (Gruber 1993). [...] Somewhere in between lie taxonomies and browsable hierarchies which are clearly less rigorous than a fully specified ontology." -- Christopher Brewster, Yorick Wilks, "Ontologies, Taxonomies, Thesauri: Learning from Texts"
  • "In the evolution of knowledge management, organising information into an intuitive topical hierarchy or taxonomy has proven to be an efficient and productive way for end users to not only find, access and retrieve but also to discover information (Logan & Knox 2003:2). [...] This chapter will investigate the origins of taxonomies; define taxonomies, describe why taxonomies are viewed as a solution within information and knowledge management, as well as the benefits of taxonomies in organisations." -- Marie-Louise Fouché, "The Role Of Taxonomies In Knowledge Management", 2006
Additional notes: That's all. For now.<<


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9.3.07

Wordmap Taxonomy Viewer: Link tot

Der in meinem Diplomarbeit-Recherche-Blog als Quelle angegebene Link zum Wordmap Taxonomy Viewer von Wordmap Ltd ist offensichtlich tot. Am 7. Februar 2007 gaben die Taxonomie-Berater Earley & Associates bekannt, dass sie die Wordmap Ltd. übernommen haben.

Etliche Links der Wordmap-Site sind tot, so auch etliche Treffer, die von Google auf die Site führen. Während die Site auf der Startseite noch vollmundig "View all downloadable white papers" anbietet, sieht blockt die tatsächliche White-Papers-Seite erstmal ab: "Register for taxonomy demos, white papers and newsletters". -- Ob das dort bereits seit vor der Aquisition durch Earley & Ass. steht oder erst seit dem 7.&nsbp;Februar, ist nicht zu erkennen. Auch wenn die Startseite nun durch ein "lease explore our site to understand more." beglückt, ist der Wordmap Taxonomy Viewer nach kurzer Suche bei Google als tatsächlich unmittelbar ansehbare Version (Java, ~ 2 MB Download) zu finden.<<


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8.3.07

Google-Scholar-Treffer zu den verschiedenen Themen

(Cite Seer (Heimat-Domain) scheint im Moment etwas down zu sein. Liefert jedenfalls keine Ergebnisse. Deswegen fange ich bei Google Scholar an. BTW: Gibt es inzwischen bessere Suchmaschinen für wissenschaftliche Arbeiten? Open Access ist ja seit meiner Diplomarbeit zu einem großen Thema geworden.) Die allein stehenden, fett geschriebenen Stichworte vor dem Doppelpunkt führen jeweils zu einer Suche nach der Zielsetzung ("objective") des jeweiligen Themas.<<


      
Update: Treffer zu den verschiedenen Themen
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7.3.07

Was ich außerdem in meinen Diplomarbeit-betreffenden Blogs gefunden habe

Nachdem ich unlängst alle meine Diplomarbeit-bezogenen Blogs nachträglich mit Tags versehen habe, sind die Blogs jetzt auch ohne Inhaltsverzeichnis nach Themen aufschlagbar. + Definitionen heraussuchen erledigt; evtl. als Grundlage/Ausgangspunkt verwenden.
+ Zielsetzungen der einzelnen Graphen(-Systeme), etwa: Vokabular, ordnen erledigt
+ Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der verschiedenen Gegenstände (Tabelle)
+ Glossare zum Thema abklappern
+ Bibliographien zum Thema auftreiben<<


      
Update: 20070308.16-38h MEZ: erledigte Aufgaben abgehakt
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6.3.07

Update 3: Ontology, taxonomy, terminology, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, and classification. How are they related to each other?


Antworten auf diese Frage könnten auch in Recherche-Ergebnisse Thesaurus-Visualisierer und Recherche – Auswertung gelistet sein. -- Diese beiden Blögge wurden bisher nicht begutachtet.

Evtl. könnte auch eine Suche nach allen in der Überschrift genannten Begriffen weiterhelfen, jedoch vermutlich weniger eine bei Google als bei wissenschaftlicheren Quellen.


Update:
Im alten MOM-Blog gibt es einen auf deutschsprachige Quellen gestützten englischsprachigen Artikel "Cleaning up the confusion about thesauri and classifications". Auch Inhalte dieses Artikels könnten für die Recherche wertvoll sein.<<


frühere Version dieses Postings
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1.3.07

Update 2: Ontology, taxonomy, terminology, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, and classification. How are they related to each other?


Antworten auf diese Frage könnten auch in Recherche-Ergebnisse Thesaurus-Visualisierer und Recherche – Auswertung gelistet sein. -- Diese beiden Blögge wurden bisher nicht begutachtet.

Update:
Evtl. könnte auch eine Suche nach allen in der Überschrift genannten Begriffen weiterhelfen, jedoch vermutlich weniger eine bei Google als bei wissenschaftlicheren Quellen.<<


frühere Version dieses Postings
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28.2.07

Update: Ontology, taxonomy, terminology, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, and classification. How are they related to each other?

Update:
Antworten auf diese Frage könnten auch in Recherche-Ergebnisse Thesaurus-Visualisierer und Recherche – Auswertung gelistet sein. -- Diese beiden Blögge wurden bisher nicht begutachtet.<<


frühere Version dieses Postings
[lokal referenziert von: Update 2: Ontology, taxonomy, terminology, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, and classification. How are they related to each other?]
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besser recherchieren

Zum einen kann man als Ausgangspunkt für die Recherche fertig verfügbare Bibliographien verwenden. Über die (i.Allg. am Ende) in Fachbüchern zu findenden Bibliographien hinaus gibt es mglw. den einen oder anderen, der gezielt fachspezifische Bibliographien zusammenstellt und pflegt. -- Beats Biblionet comes into mind, there//then.

Außerdem können Anfragen in Foren -- Okrut, StudViZ, BopenIC u.a. -- wichtige Hinweise liefern, ggf. den Blick über den eigenen Horizont hinausheben, auf Bereiche, die eigentlich noch zu einer Recherche dazugehören, die man aber zuvor nicht gesehen hat.

Browsing gut gepflegter Tags in (alten) eigenen Blogs, in aktuellen fremden Blogs oder in Tag-Verzeichnissen könnte zu einer ähnlich guten Ausbeute führen, wie das Verwenden von Bibliographien. Zudem sind Blogs häufig tagesaktuell, während Bibliographien meist mindestens Wochen, wenn nicht Monate, alt sind.<<


[lokal referenziert von: ./. ]
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What is a taxonomy?

[Bezug:] Results from my own diploma thesis research blogs: <<


[lokal referenziert von: ./. ]
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27.2.07

What is a thesaurus?

[Bezug:] Results from my own diploma thesis research blogs: <<


[lokal referenziert von: ./. ]
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Ontology, taxonomy, terminology, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, and classification. How are they related to each other?

<<


Update
[lokal referenziert von: What is a thesaurus?, What is a taxonomy?, Update: Ontology, taxonomy, terminology, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, and classification. How are they related to each other?]
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